BtbN changed the topic of #ffmpeg to: Welcome to the FFmpeg USER support channel | Development channel: #ffmpeg-devel | Bug reports: https://ffmpeg.org/bugreports.html | Wiki: https://trac.ffmpeg.org/ | This channel is publically logged | FFmpeg 7.0 is released
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<Unit640>
Can anyone explain to me what exactly the "-pred mixed" does? Why does it cause such smaller file sizes when saving PNGs? Why isn't it the default? (I'm trying to make my PNGs as small as possible without sacrificing quality, using ffmpeg using `ffmpeg [...] -pred mixed -compression_level 100`.)
<Unit640>
In my test run, ~4,300 PNG files shrunk from 6 GB to 4,8 GB after I ran the command on them. Now I'm running it on *all* my PNGs.
<Unit640>
Something satisfying about re-encoding things with smaller size and no loss of quality, even if it probably means that it's more expensive to "unpack"/read them afterwards, but that's nothing I can really notice.
<kepstin>
you'd probably get even better results if you use 'oxipng' to recompress your pngs. (or optipng if you can't easily install oxipng)
<Unit640>
Didn't you (or somebody here) mention something about security issues with that yesterday?
<kepstin>
don't know of any with oxipng, but i'd be wary of running optipng over untrusted inputs.
<Unit640>
(Seems like Debian's APT has optipng but not oxipng.)
<Unit640>
Untrusted inputs being PNG image files?
<kepstin>
yeah. if it's all files you encoded to png yourself, should be fine.
<Unit640>
It's definitely not. They come from random external places.
<Unit640>
How can they be insecure? Do they really contain executable code?!
<Unit640>
Is that optipng ancient with known unpatched holes?
<Unit640>
It freaks me out to think that even *images* can contain malicious code.
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<Unit640>
(Although I guess technically, the vast majority of them started off as JPEGs or other non-PNG image formats when they entered my computer, and then were converted to PNG locally by ffmpeg for easy editing and compatibility.)
<kepstin>
no unpatched holes I know of, but it's just that it's hard to write secure applications in C and optipng does have a history of needing security updates: https://optipng.sourceforge.net/
<kepstin>
(interestingly, mostly on the input code for non-png images)
<kepstin>
i actually end up recompressing png images to lossless jpeg-xl a lot nowadays; its lossless algorithm is a lot better than png for some types of images.
<kepstin>
re-saving lossy images as lossless is just a waste of disk space, of course.
<furq>
mixed will try them all and use whichever is best
<Unit640>
kepstin: "re-saving lossy images as lossless is just a waste of disk space, of course." <-- Not if you want to be able to crop, rotate, adjust and edit them without constantly having to remember to check if they are crappy JPEGs or editable PNGs.
<Unit640>
furq: I guess at the expensive of time?
<furq>
yes
<kepstin>
I mean, if you're making edits to a file, you can always save as a lossless format to prevent further loss. no reason to convert files until you make edits tho.
<furq>
and then you get to spend even more time recompressing them with zopfli or whatever is the best one now
<furq>
or you could just use a format that isn't 30 years old
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<Unit640>
There was a time when I was digitizing a bunch of old photos and the digitizer only supported/saved to JPEG. Not thinking about this, I kept changing the brightness, cropped the borders, and rotated them slightly to be "upright", sometimes saving several times, not thinking about the fact that they were JPEGs, and thus I lost a "generation" each time I saved a change. After that I started converting all incoming images to PNGs.
<Unit640>
kepstin: "no reason to convert files until you make edits tho." <-- Well, it's easy to forget.
<furq>
that's an issue with the editing software rather than with the format
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<Unit640>
I would open one of them in XnView, Page Down to view the next, make a selection, right-click, "Crop", Page Down to view the next image and being asked if I want to save, select yes, repeat, etc. Sometimes I started over from the same "batch" of images to perform the same kind of thing but brightness/gamma correction instead of cropping.
<Unit640>
When in fullscreen, it's easy to forget they are JPEGs.
<Unit640>
Streamlined workflow, etc.
<Unit640>
But it sounds like I should switch to that "jpeg-xl" format possibly.
<Unit640>
I'm sort of attached to PNG because it was the first format I had ever used with sane compression and no lossyness.
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<Unit640>
BMPs were massive and JPEGs were crappy, etc.
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<kepstin>
jpeg-xl is interesting, since it can do lossy compression, lossless compression, and lossless recompression of jpegs.
<Unit640>
Wasn't there some sort of patent thing about "JPEG", though?
<Unit640>
Also, it seems like Google has had its tentacles in the development...
<JEEB>
all JPEG-something formats are completely separate, btw
<JEEB>
yes, google more or less pushed for it, and then later decided it wasn't worth proceeding with in their browser
<JEEB>
since they apparently at least notified of its removal from chromium
<JEEB>
the real negative bit is that since the spec authors wanted the fancy "JPEG" name they ended up having to deal with ISO/IEC
<JEEB>
which means that the spec is paid :P
<JEEB>
(unless the authors put effort into requesting for it being free)
<relue>
to a file has no warnings or errors arecord -D hw:5,0 -f S24_3LE -c 2 -r 32000 - | ffmpeg -f alsa -i - -c:a opus -b:a 128k -y
<relue>
any help would be greatly appreciated, thank you in advance c:
<furq>
i think you need -c:a pcm_s24le -i -
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<relue>
that was it, thank you furq
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<phonemic>
I am concatenating two mkv files with the "protocol" method. Getting this error: "Timestamps are unset in a packet for stream 1. This is deprecated and will stop working in the future. Fix your code to set the timestamps properly"
<phonemic>
Steam 1 is a dolby atmos track. What does this mean, and does it matter?
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<shinjite>
Anyone know why pipe read avformat_open_input is broken it does not read pixel format of avi passed through pipe i successfully make win32 read pipe on other end of app and write to file and it reads perfectly. toolchain mvsc 64 bit shared libraries - seemly shared x86 libraries do same thing
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<Unit640>
Is there some similar "secret trick" to make FLACs even smaller when using ffmpeg and `-compression_level 12` on them?
<Unit640>
JEEB: I don't even get what's so attractive about the name "JPEG". I mentally associate it with low-res, blocky photos.
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<Unit640>
While I freed up some much-needed space by re-encoding all my PNGs today, I strongly suspect (or really *know for sure*) that the FLACs take up far more storage and it somehow seems more likely that they can be compressed further.
<Curid>
low-res, blocky photos means saved bandwidth for google
<Curid>
have any of ffmpeg's parsers been fuzzed to the point where they can be trusted with untrusted data?
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<JEEB>
dunno what your required trust level is, but at least a bunch of them are getting oss-fuzzed
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<JEEB>
it still means that if you are taking in random input from users - you will want to make the attack surface as limited as possible
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<JEEB>
whether the parsers are fuzzed or not, best practices don't go away
<Curid>
what's the easiest way to sandbox arbitrary code execution?
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<furq>
Unit640: compression_level actually sets appropriate options for the flac encoder
<furq>
there are options you can tune but nothing that will get you huge gains for very little added time
<furq>
also bear in mind -compression_level > 10 will produce non-subset flac
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<sixecho>
trying to use videotoolbox to scale a video... using -hwaccel and -c:v h264_videotoolbox and -vf scale_vt errors /w `vf: -78 (Function not implemented)` // shows in -filters as ` ... scale_vt`
<sixecho>
also errors: `# Impossible to convert between the formats supported by the filter 'graph 0 input from stream 0:0' and the filter 'auto_scale_0'`
<JEEB>
if you are dealing with hw pixel formats you want `-noauto_conversion_filters`, which will stop attempting to insert the scale filter which is what you're getting the error from
<JEEB>
thus you should get the actual error
<JEEB>
also I recommend utilizing `-v verbose`, as that is the last non-spammy log level
<JEEB>
which will log various states in the filter chain
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<another|>
phonemic: I don't think mkv can be cooncatenated by protocol
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<Unit640>
furq: What is a "non-subset flac"?
<Unit640>
Also, how can images be so dangerous? I don't get it. You act as if processing/viewing an image (on Linux) is like double-clicking an EXE on Windows.
<Unit640>
If it's truly like that, how does anyone dare to view any image?
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<CounterPillow>
Unit640: you don't get the concept of arbitrary code execution through bugs in memory unsafe code?
<CounterPillow>
It's a possibility regardless of operating system.
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<Unit640>
Not really, frankly. Even though I've coded C.
<Unit640>
But I guess mistakes are made and they are catastrophic etc.
<Unit640>
Makes me feel uneasy using a computer at all when nothing is sandboxed.
<Unit640>
And now too late to stay online...
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